Determine the best antacid using any criteria you choose, but be able to defend your choice of the best antacid out of a least three tested having the same molarity. Use a universal indicator or electronic pH measurement device to determine when the pH has changed one unit.
The measurement of hydrogen ion concentration is called pH. Around the value of zero you have a strong acid or an acid that produces lots of hydrogen or H+ ions. At pH 7 the solution has equal amounts of acidic and basic ions and is called neutral. Pure water is pH 7 because it has equal amounts of H+ and hydroxide or OH- ions. Antacids work against pH 1 - 3 of stomach acid so use 0.1 M HCl to simulate stomach acid.
Common Name Chemical Name Formula
Alka-Seltzer sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3
Digel aluminium hydroxide Al(OH)3
Philip's Milk of Magnesia magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2
Tums calcium carbonate CaCO3
Rolaids dihydroxy aluminium sodium carbonate Al(OH)2NaCO3
Maalox magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide
Mylanta magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide
Equations
H+ + NaHCO3-----> Na+ + CO2 + H2O
2H+ + CaCO3-----> Ca+2 + CO2 + H2O
3H+ + Al(OH)3-----> Al+3 + 3 H2O
2H+ + Mg(OH)2-----> Mg+2 + 2 H2O
Aluminium and calcium hydroxides can cause constipation.
Magnesium hydroxide can act as a laxative.
Sodium bicarbonate dissolves quickly, but lasts only five (5) minutes and should not be used by people with hypertension.
Calcium carbonate would be good for people concerned about osteoporosis.
The blood bicarbonate buffer system follows:
H+ + HCO3-1 <--> H2CO3 <--> CO2 + H2O
buffer lab